Alphabet and Google are not two groups to add together
Alphabet Inc. is the parent corporation, incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in Mountain View, California. Google is its largest business and is included in the consolidated accounts. The structure also includes Waymo and other ventures grouped financially as Other Bets. This profile uses Alphabet as its economic reference and specifies when a practice belongs to Google or particular suppliers. Adding Google revenue to Alphabet revenue would double-count activity already consolidated.
From Google to the Alphabet structure
Larry Page and Sergey Brin met at Stanford and developed a search engine based on relationships between web pages. Google became a company in 1998. Growth added advertising, information services, software and devices. In August 2015, Page announced Alphabet as a new structure separating Google from other businesses and investments. This organisational change did not refound the search engine; it separated management of different activities under a parent. Sundar Pichai became Google CEO in 2015 and Alphabet CEO in December 2019.
Google origins, Larry Page and Sergey Brin · G is for Google, Alphabet formation, 10 August 2015 · Alphabet 2026 Proxy Statement
Advertising, services and cloud
The model combines advertising associated with Search, YouTube and partner networks with subscriptions, platforms, devices and cloud services. Google Services includes Search, YouTube, Android, Chrome, Maps and Play, alongside subscriptions and hardware. Google Cloud covers infrastructure, platforms and collaboration tools such as Workspace. Other Bets groups non-Google businesses, earning 2025 revenue from activities including autonomous transport and internet services. Brands, products and reporting segments are different levels: a popular application is not itself an independent legal entity.
The consolidated 2025 figures
The latest complete financial year is calendar 2025. Alphabet reported revenue of $402,836 million, operating income of $129,039 million and net income of $132,170 million under US GAAP. Google Services contributed $342,721 million and Google Cloud $58,705 million, both included in the total. Google advertising contributed $294,691 million, also included in Services. These breakdowns must not be mixed. Alphabet had 190,820 employees at 31 December 2025; that count is not the entire workforce of its suppliers.
Geographical presence and facilities
Alphabet owns or leases offices and data centers primarily in Asia, Europe and North America. In 2025, revenue by customer location was distributed across the United States (48%), Europe, the Middle East and Africa (29%), Asia-Pacific (17%) and other Americas (6%). These are revenue shares, not workforce or facility shares.
Leadership and voting control
Sundar Pichai leads Alphabet and Google, while John L. Hennessy chairs Alphabet’s board. Class A shares carry one vote, Class B ten votes, and Class C no ordinary voting rights. The 2026 proxy, dated to 6 April, reports Larry Page with 27.4% of voting power and Sergey Brin with 25.3%. These are voting percentages rather than shares of total economic capital. The structure preserves decisive founder influence while Pichai leads executive management. The listed classes trade as GOOGL and GOOG.
AI as an industrial and research activity
Alphabet combines model, chip and software research with infrastructure for training and running AI systems. Gemini, Google DeepMind and TPU accelerators are part of this work; Waymo applies autonomous driving to transport services. The April 2026 letter in the annual report describes shipments of Ironwood, the seventh-generation TPU, and confirms that the Wiz acquisition closed in March 2026. The latter event occurred after the 2025 financial year-end. Innovation expands energy, cooling, manufacturing and maintenance needs; it does not automatically demonstrate safety benefits.
People and risks behind digital services
Google documents specific preventive roles in its datacenters. Its team page describes a Global Electrical Safety programme and procedures developed and implemented by Environment, Health & Safety personnel. It also identifies power and cooling incident management, with processes, tools and training for rapid escalation. This is a corporate description of operational roles, not an effectiveness audit or injury rate. In this setting, IT continuity and protection of people working on equipment should be assessed as related but different outcomes.
Google datacenter roles: electrical safety and incident escalation
Safety requirements for the supply chain
The supplier code updated in March 2025 requires identification and control of physical, chemical, biological and ergonomic hazards. Its hierarchy includes eliminating hazards, substituting materials or processes, designing engineering and administrative controls, and maintaining safe procedures; protective equipment supplements this work. It includes injury and illness recording and management, emergency preparedness and reporting without retaliation. The 2026 supplier report covers 2025 and prioritises hardware manufacturers, logistics and extended-workforce suppliers. These contractual requirements do not universally certify every Alphabet business.
Google Supplier Code of Conduct, updated March 2025 · Google Supplier Responsibility Report 2026, calendar 2025 data
Assessing processes before substituting chemicals
Google reports that Full Material Disclosure evaluated 79 facilities and 296 associated chemical processes in 2025. The review links substances, uses and exposure controls to guide consultations and alternatives to highly toxic chemicals. Four onsite chemical-management assessments identified 39 findings tracked through corrective action plans. A further 130 risk-selected suppliers completed responsible chemical management training. These are specific assessment, training and monitoring activities, not injured-person counts or proof that all chemical risks have been eliminated.
Google Supplier Responsibility Report 2026, calendar 2025 data
Auditing, correcting and verifying closure
Google recorded 236 onsite supplier assessments and 1,079 nonconformance issues in 2025. Approved external firms conduct code audits, including tours, records and interviews. That year it added office-construction services and selected low- and medium-risk sites to test for gaps in initial risk assessment. Suppliers must propose root-cause analysis and a plan within 30 days, or sooner for Priority or Zero Tolerance findings. Closing an action requires evidence; complex cases may require document verification or another visit.
Google Supplier Responsibility Report 2026, calendar 2025 data
Working hours, emergencies and worker voice
The report identifies working hours as the most frequent nonconformance and gives audited-site conformance in that category as 50.4% after the corrective action plan process. Emergency preparedness accounted for 6.6% of all findings. Corrective-plan completion figures are dated January 2026 and do not necessarily describe their November status. Google also reports hearing from over 12,200 workers through audits, surveys and pilots in 2025. Participation informs priorities, but its volume alone does not establish that every concern was resolved or represent the entire global workforce.
Google Supplier Responsibility Report 2026, calendar 2025 data
Recovering materials after assessment
The 2026 environmental report describes deconstructing Hangar 3 at Moffett Field, managed under the lease held by Google subsidiary Planetary Ventures. After retaining the structure was considered too risky, salvageable timber was recovered. EKI assessed suitability; disassembly and processing were followed by reuse guidance developed with ToxServices and a digital inventory. The case connects circularity with material assessment and traceability. Recovery does not justify reusing any component without checking its condition or constitute an injury outcome.
Keeping the footprint methodology visible
Google’s report gives Alphabet’s 2025 “ambition-based” carbon footprint of approximately 14.5 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent, 18% above 2024. The methodology starts with Greenhouse Gas Protocol-aligned data but adjusts Scope 3 boundaries and reductions; it is not interchangeable with every other emissions measure without explanation. The report mainly attributes growth to supply-chain expansion. For waste, it reports 88% diversion from disposal across Google-owned and -operated datacenters. These are environmental indicators with specific boundaries, not workplace safety certifications.
Court remedies concerning advertising technology
In September 2026, the US District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia ordered remedies for Google’s advertising technology business, following its April 2025 liability decision. The Justice Department describes interoperability, data-access, non-discriminatory auction conduct and six years of monitoring. The third-quarter 10-Q records rejection of the requested structural divestitures and Alphabet’s intention to appeal the adverse 2025 decision, potentially also challenging aspects of the 2026 remedies. A ruling and an intended appeal are different procedural states; this case concerns competition rather than occupational safety.
US Department of Justice, advertising technology remedies 16 September 2026 · Alphabet Form 10-Q, quarter ended 30 September 2026, legal proceedings
What Alphabet contributes to safety analysis
Sabentis Explora’s editorial interpretation is that Alphabet helps explain prevention in a business whose visible service is digital but whose infrastructure is physical. Exposure may arise in equipment assembly, process chemicals, supplier working hours, electrical maintenance or construction. Useful review links requirements, assessment, controls and closure evidence while retaining the identity of the employer and reporting entity. The reports support examination of specific practices and acknowledged gaps; they do not justify assigning supplier-sample or Google-project results to all of Alphabet.
Google Supplier Responsibility Report 2026, calendar 2025 data · Google datacenter roles: electrical safety and incident escalation · Google Environmental Report 2026, calendar 2025 data
Frequently asked questions
Are Alphabet and Google the same?
Alphabet is the parent. Google is its main business and is included in group accounts alongside other activities. Their revenues are not added as if independent. [1]
Why use 2025 financial figures?
It is the latest complete financial year available on 8 November 2026. Supplier and environmental reports published in 2026 also mainly cover 2025; subsequent events are dated separately. [1] · [2] · [3]
Do audits prove the whole supply chain is safe?
No. The 236 assessments in 2025 concern sites reviewed through a risk-based programme. Findings and closure must be interpreted within that scope, not as a global injury rate or universal certification. [1]
What does founder voting control mean?
The April 2026 proxy gives Page 27.4% and Brin 25.3% of voting power. Class B shares have ten votes each, so those percentages do not equal their share of total economic capital. [1]
