Why air measurement is not enough
Aniline enters the body through inhalation, accidental ingestion and skin absorption. ILO/WHO notes that even vapour can contribute to absorption through the skin. Assessment focused only on airborne concentration may therefore miss an important route. Splashes, contaminated surfaces, soaked clothing and protective equipment removal practices should be observed.
Effects on the blood
Its effects include formation of methaemoglobin, which alters the blood’s ability to carry oxygen. It can also damage red blood cells. NIOSH lists headache, weakness, dizziness, breathing difficulty and bluish discolouration as possible signs of poisoning. Effects may be delayed; relevant exposure requires healthcare according to the protocol, without waiting to confirm symptoms independently.
What to review at the workstation
Open operations, container changes, maintenance and cleaning are identified. Temperature and aerosol generation can alter exposure compared with storage at rest. Records should distinguish pure product, mixtures and waste, because formulation affects material selection and necessary measures. Odour cannot establish an acceptable level.
Protecting skin and the process
Containment and closed transfers reduce the possibility of contact. The dermal exposure prevention plan should include gloves and clothing selected using permeation data, removal and decontamination procedures, and accessible emergency facilities. Merely checking that a glove still appears intact after work is insufficient.
Compatibility and storage
Aniline can react with oxidisers and strong acids, and attack certain metals and alloys. It should be stored in compatible, correctly identified containers separate from incompatible substances. The liquid’s colour can change on exposure to air or light; appearance should not be the sole criterion for deciding its condition, composition or safety.
Comprehensive control example
In a hypothetical example, liquid is observed remaining in a coupling when a hose is disconnected. The operation is modified to contain that residue, and protection and removal of contaminated clothing are reviewed. Improvement is verified through observation of actual cycles and exposure assessment. Health surveillance, where appropriate, is designed by healthcare staff and complements technical measures rather than replacing them.
