A framework for the information chain
Adopted in 1990, Convention 170 addresses safety in the use of chemicals at work. Its scope extends beyond chemical factories to exposure during production, handling, storage, transport, waste disposal, cleaning and maintenance activities.
The treaty binds States that have ratified it under the relevant conditions. Establishing a company’s specific duties requires checking ratification, national implementation and applicable legislation. The convention does not replace each country’s exposure limits or legal procedures, and an international reference alone does not establish local compliance.
Identity and hazards before use
Its approach begins with classification and identification. Suppliers and employers have different responsibilities for ensuring labels and safety data sheets reach those who need them. A hazardous-chemical register should connect products to their corresponding sheets.
Information about chemical agents at work does not end with filing a document. When a product arrives without required information, the employer must obtain it before use. Secondary containers also need identification enabling workers to recognise hazards and precautions; a trade name alone may not provide enough information.
Assess exposure and improve the process
The convention requires exposure assessment, with monitoring and records when needed for health protection or required by the authority. Controls include choosing less hazardous substances and technologies, engineering measures, work organisation and hygiene. Personal protection supplements these measures where they are insufficient.
For example, changing a solvent requires review of application, ventilation, waste and cleaning, not just its label. Lower volatility does not eliminate other hazards. Comparison therefore needs to consider actual use rather than one isolated product property.
Training, waste and participation
Instructions should combine safety data sheets with workplace conditions. Emergency arrangements and disposal of chemicals and residue-containing containers are also covered. Recommendation 177 provides further guidance but does not have the same legal character as the convention.
Workers have information and participation rights, including removal from serious and imminent danger under the relevant provisions. A practical review checks whether each task has understandable information and effective controls, as well as complete documentation. The resulting actions should follow the applicable national framework and the exposure assessment.
