Passive samplers for gases and vapours

Passive samplers collect certain gases or vapours by diffusion or permeation without a pump forcing air through them. Concentration is estimated from collected mass and exposure time.

In brief

Passive samplers collect certain gases or vapours by diffusion or permeation without a pump forcing air through them. Concentration is estimated from collected mass and exposure time.

Contents
  1. The uptake rate matters
  2. When they can be useful
  3. Checks before use
  4. Placement and sample closure
  5. Incorrect use example
  6. What the result expresses
  7. Related concepts
  8. References

A–Z dictionary →

The uptake rate matters

Calculation uses an uptake rate or equivalent flow corresponding to the analyte and specific model. It is not a universal device property and cannot be copied from another solvent. Preparation and analysis must follow a procedure accounting for contaminant recovery and collection-medium capacity.

When they can be useful

Their size and lack of tubing facilitate some personal sampling surveys. They may be an option for estimating mean concentrations of compatible substances over defined periods. The same principle does not collect airborne dust or replace an alarm detector where real-time warning of a hazardous situation is needed.

Checks before use

Performance evidence must exist for the compound, concentration range and planned duration. Temperature, humidity, air movement and mixtures can influence performance. The laboratory is consulted before purchasing or distributing samplers, particularly when comparing with a short-term limit or measuring very low concentrations.

Placement and sample closure

The sampler is placed according to the objective without clothing or objects covering its diffusion surface. Opening marks the beginning of the period and closing marks its end. Both times and incidents are recorded. Storing a sampler open after the task adds exposure different from that intended for study.

Incorrect use example

In a hypothetical example, a company reuses one solvent’s uptake rate for another present in a new paint. Even if the laboratory detects both, calculated concentrations may be invalid. The correct action is to confirm the method for each substance and decide whether a different sampler or active sampling is needed.

What the result expresses

An integrated result describes the sampled period; it does not automatically show when a peak occurred. Reports must retain model, analyte, duration, relevant conditions and blanks. Well-documented selection makes use of the device’s simplicity without turning it into a false assurance that every exposure has been measured.

References

  1. INSST. NTP 151: toma de muestras con captadores pasivos. Official source
  2. NIOSH. General Considerations for Sampling Airborne Contaminants. Official source

Editorial information

Publication date: 1 November 2026.

Editorial responsibility: Sabentis Editorial Team.

Author: Pablo RodríguezLinkedIn

Executive Vice President of the ORP International Foundation and Chief Financial Officer of Sabentis.

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