Fixed workpiece and rotating tool
A pillar drill uses a rotating bit to machine a supported and secured workpiece. Risks include entanglement, tool breakage and violent rotation of the material. Its apparent simplicity may conceal substantial forces. Training must teach preparation of workholding, rather than only operation of the lever and switch.
Related concept: Machine safety.
Secure the workpiece rather than use hands as a vice
The workpiece is secured with vices, clamps or suitable fixtures. Holding it by hand allows ejection or rotation if the bit catches. The table and fixture must withstand the load and remain locked. Correct tool mounting is checked and the chuck key removed immediately.
Avoiding entanglement
Loose clothing, hair, jewellery and gloves may catch on rotating elements. Gloves suitable for handling stationary sheet metal must not be used during drilling near rotation. Guards remain operational and are adjusted for the task. Eye protection must be suitable for projectiles and does not replace securing the workpiece.
Adjustments, measurement and swarf
The machine is stopped completely before measuring, changing speed or intervening in the setup. Swarf is removed with suitable tools or methods, avoiding use of the hand. Feed and drill bit must be compatible with the material. Forcing a worn tool increases the possibility of breakage and does not correct an unsuitable setup.
Example with a small sheet-metal piece
A hypothetical person intends to drill sheet metal while holding it between two fingers. The analysis must first establish a holding and support fixture preventing rotation and deformation. If the piece cannot be secured with the available means, the process is changed. Lower speed does not turn a hand into safe workholding.
Maintenance and limitations
Controls, stopping, guards, wiring and stability are checked. The machine is not left running unattended. Assessment also considers noise, coolants and particular materials. The cited organisations’ instructions guide measures; capacities and permitted operations must be confirmed in the manual for the equipment used.
